METHOD OF VACCINATING FOR CANCER AND DEVICE AND KIT THEREFOR

Smart overview of the Invention

The disclosed method involves vaccinating a subject for cancer either prophylactically or therapeutically. This approach uses a composition containing an agonist of the stimulator of interferon (IFN) genes (STING) along with a tumor antigen or neoantigen. Both components are adsorbed onto cationic phytoglycogen (PG) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles, derived from sweet corn, are modified to enhance immune response efficacy, aiming to stimulate a robust CD8+ T cell response against cancer cells.

Device and Kit

The application describes a microneedle device, such as a patch, and a needle-free injector. These devices are designed to deliver the vaccine composition containing STING agonists and tumor antigens effectively. The kit comprises either the microneedle device or the needle-free injector, alongside the nanoparticle-based composition. This delivery system aims to improve the efficiency and accuracy of vaccine administration, enhancing the immune response against cancer.

Technical Background

Recent advances in cancer immunotherapy have highlighted the importance of activating CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) for effective antitumor responses. Current therapies include checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell therapies, and therapeutic vaccines like sipuleucel-T. Despite these advances, challenges remain, including limited vaccine options and high costs. The disclosed method seeks to address these gaps by offering a novel vaccination approach that enhances CD8+ T cell activation.

Composition Details

The STING agonists used in this method include cyclic and noncyclic nucleotides, such as ADU-S100 and other analogues. These agonists are known to activate immune pathways, enhancing CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. The tumor antigens can be tumor-associated or tumor-specific, including neoantigens that are unique to cancer cells. These components are crucial for targeting and eliminating cancer cells effectively.

Antigen Examples

Examples of tumor antigens include proteins and peptides overexpressed in cancer cells. Antigens like tyrosinase, MAGE, and PSA are used for specific cancers such as melanoma and prostate cancer. The method also considers widely expressed antigens like Her2 and survivin, which are common across various tumor types. This broad selection of antigens allows for personalized vaccine development tailored to individual patient needs.